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IMPLEMENTASI PENGENDALIAN OPERASIONAL ALAT BERAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Abstract
The use of heavy equipment plays an important role in determining the effectiveness of construction projects; however, inadequate operational control often causes inefficiency, low productivity, and delays in project implementation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of heavy equipment operational control in improving construction project effectiveness and identify factors influencing its success. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design on a road infrastructure project in Sumbawa Regency, Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation involving project managers, supervisors, operators, and mechanics. Data analysis was conducted using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion verification supported by data triangulation. The results showed that operational control of heavy equipment has been implemented but remains suboptimal due to manual recording systems, reactive supervision, limited real-time monitoring, and irregular performance evaluation. The findings also revealed that human factors, including operator discipline, supervisor competence, and team coordination, significantly influence operational control effectiveness. This study concludes that construction project effectiveness is not only determined by equipment availability but also by the quality of integrated operational control involving planning, monitoring, evaluation, technology support, and human resource management.
ABSTRAK
Penggunaan alat berat memiliki peran penting dalam menentukan efektivitas pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi, namun lemahnya pengendalian operasional masih sering menyebabkan rendahnya produktivitas, peningkatan waktu tidak produktif, dan keterlambatan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pengendalian operasional alat berat dalam meningkatkan efektivitas proyek konstruksi serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus pada proyek infrastruktur jalan di Kabupaten Sumbawa. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi lapangan, dan dokumentasi dengan melibatkan manajer proyek, pengawas lapangan, operator alat berat, dan mekanik. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan model interaktif melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dengan dukungan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian operasional alat berat telah diterapkan, tetapi belum optimal karena masih menggunakan sistem manual, pengawasan yang bersifat reaktif, keterbatasan monitoring secara real-time, serta evaluasi kinerja yang belum dilakukan secara berkala. Selain itu, faktor sumber daya manusia seperti disiplin operator, kompetensi pengawas, dan koordinasi tim berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan pengendalian operasional. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas proyek konstruksi tidak hanya ditentukan oleh ketersediaan alat berat, tetapi juga oleh kualitas sistem pengendalian operasional yang terintegrasi antara perencanaan, pengawasan, evaluasi, teknologi, dan sumber daya manusia.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.59818/kontan.v5i2.2991
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