Pengaruh Self-Efficacy terhadap Fear of Failure pada Mahasiswa Tahun Pertama Program Sarjana: Studi pada Perguruan Tinggi di DKI Jakarta

Abstract

The early years of college place students in a complex adaptation period, marked by changes in academic demands, social relationships, emotional regulation, and institutional systems that have the potential to trigger psychological stress. The inability to manage these demands can lead to the emergence of fear of failure, namely the tendency of individuals to perceive situations with the possibility of failure as a threat. In this context, self-efficacy plays a role as an important psychological factor that influences how individuals respond to challenges and direct behavior towards achieving success. This study aims to analyze the effect of self-efficacy on fear of failure in first-year undergraduate students through a quantitative approach with simple linear regression analysis. The study participants were 251 students recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out using the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI; ? = .938) and the Indonesian version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) (? = .829). The results of the analysis showed that self-efficacy had a significant negative effect on fear of failure with a contribution of 31.5% (p < .05). The largest impact was found in the Fear of Devaluing One’s Self-Estimate (FDSE; 30.2%, ? = ?.550, p < .05) dimension, while the lowest contribution was found in the Fear of Upsetting Important Others (FUIO; 15.5%, ? = ?.393, p < .05) dimension. These findings indicate that self-efficacy plays a greater role in the fear of failure aspect related to internal self-evaluation than external social evaluation. Overall, this study enriches the study of educational psychology by providing an empirical understanding of the role of self-efficacy on the fear of failure in first-year students in the context of Indonesian higher education, while also opening up opportunities to explore other psychological factors that contribute to the dynamics of fear of failure.

ABSTRAK

Masa awal perkuliahan menempatkan mahasiswa pada periode adaptasi yang kompleks, ditandai oleh perubahan tuntutan akademik, relasi sosial, regulasi emosional, dan sistem institusional yang berpotensi memicu tekanan psikologis. Ketidakmampuan mengelola tuntutan tersebut dapat mendorong munculnya fear of failure, yakni kecenderungan individu untuk memersepsikan situasi dengan peluang gagal sebagai ancaman. Dalam konteks ini, self-efficacy berperan sebagai faktor psikologis penting yang memengaruhi cara individu merespons tantangan dan mengarahkan perilaku menuju pencapaian keberhasilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh self-efficacy terhadap fear of failure pada mahasiswa tahun pertama program sarjana melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Partisipan penelitian berjumlah 251 mahasiswa yang direkrut menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (PFAI; ? = .938) dan General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) versi Indonesia (? = .829). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa self-efficacy memiliki pengaruh negatif yang signifikan terhadap fear of failure dengan kontribusi sebesar 31.5% (p < .05). Dampak terbesar ditemukan pada dimensi Fear of Devaluing One’s Self-Estimate (FDSE; 30.2%, ? = ?.550, p < .05), sedangkan kontribusi terendah terdapat pada dimensi Fear of Upsetting Important Others (FUIO; 15.5%, ? = ?.393, p < .05). Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa self-efficacy lebih berperan dalam aspek fear of failure yang berkaitan dengan evaluasi diri internal dibandingkan evaluasi sosial eksternal. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini memperkaya kajian psikologi pendidikan dengan memberikan pemahaman empiris mengenai peran self-efficacy terhadap fear of failure pada mahasiswa tahun pertama di konteks pendidikan tinggi Indonesia, sekaligus membuka peluang eksplorasi faktor psikologis lain yang berkontribusi terhadap dinamika ketakutan akan kegagalan.