Tinjauan Maqashid Syariah terhadap Praktik Arisan Online di Desa Karangtunggal: Studi Kualitatif Hukum Islam

Abstract

This research examines the practice of online arisan in Karangtunggal Village, Paseh Subdistrict, Bandung Regency, and assess its compliance with the principles of Islamic law. The findings contribute to contemporary Islamic legal literature, especially in digital-based muamalah. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The analysis was grounded in Islamic theological foundations from the Qur’an and Hadith, as well as the Maqashid al-Shariah framework and Al-Ghazali’s concept of public interest (maslahah). The findings indicate that online arisan is conducted via social media platforms, using an online registration and number-drawing system, with financial transactions made through bank transfers. No elements of riba (usury) or additional charges were found in its implementation, suggesting that the practice aligns with the principles of justice and transparency in Islamic commercial ethics. The study concludes that online arisan is permissible under Islamic law, provided it upholds fairness, clarity, and does not contain harmful elements for any party.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini mengkaji praktik arisan online di Desa Karangtunggal, Kecamatan Paseh, Kabupaten Bandung, serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan prinsip hukum Islam. Temuan ini berkontribusi dalam literatur hukum Islam kontemporer khususnya dalam muamalah berbasis digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan landasan teologis dari Al-Qur’an dan Hadis, serta teori Maqashid Syariah dan pemikiran Al-Ghazali mengenai kemaslahatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik arisan online dilakukan melalui media sosial dengan sistem registrasi dan pengundian secara daring, serta transaksi dilakukan melalui transfer bank. Tidak ditemukan unsur riba atau tambahan biaya dalam proses pelaksanaan, sehingga praktik ini dinilai sesuai dengan prinsip keadilan dan transparansi dalam hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa arisan online dapat dibenarkan secara syariah selama tidak mengandung unsur yang merugikan salah satu pihak.